The internationalization of the Renminbi (RMB) is a long-term project that has evolved gradually through a series of policy initiatives, infrastructure developments, and external shocks over the past few decades. This report aims to answer three sets of questions: The…
This report examines how ASEAN and its member states understand the issue of cybersecurity, and how they navigate the growing geopolitical situation around this issue. It also discusses how Europe can best find its role in cybersecurity cooperation with the region….
This report equips foreign policymakers with a clearer understanding of China’s artificial intelligence (AI) strategy in this evolving regulatory landscape. When OpenAI released ChatGPT in November 2022, the impact and practical applications of AI—particularly Large Language Models (LLMs)—became significantly more tangible…
Japan has publicly committed to creating “a society where all people can exercise their abilities and find their lives worth living,” and to combating “prejudice and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity” (MOFA 2023). Yet, in practice, legal…
In recent years, Japan has identified several major risks to its national security and perceives its strategic environment as becoming increasingly unstable. As a result, Japan has enacted transformative defense reforms, including the 2022 National Security Strategy, National Defense Strategy,…
English: China is the most advanced player in transnational repression worldwide and is increasingly active in transnational information suppression. This also has consequences for the media landscape, human rights activists, diaspora groups and Chinese students in the Netherlands. Media organisations…
