Towards a Zimbabwean Lithium Industry
By Panashe Madamombe The African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) signed on 21 March 2018 represents Africa’s industrialization ambitions. To increase intra-African trade, governments are enacting value-addition policies that target their current raw mineral exports which collectively account for 70% of the continent’s global exports. By processing raw minerals, states seek to earn more from […]
Evaluating Data Security in Chinese Drones and Smart Vehicles
By Rogier Creemers and John Lee This report reviews whether China’s legal frameworks for data governance create or increase risks for Dutch and European companies, individuals, infrastructure and national security, whether the Chinese government can leverage this legislation to affect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of personal and corporate data of Dutch and European citizens, […]
China’s Strategy for Global AI Governance
This report by Guangyu Qiao-Franco and Annelotte van Beek equips foreign policymakers with a clearer understanding of China’s artificial intelligence (AI) strategy in this evolving regulatory landscape. When OpenAI released ChatGPT in November 2022, the impact and practical applications of AI—particularly Large Language Models (LLMs)—became significantly more tangible through its widespread success. More recently, the […]
Towards Sustainable China-MENA Relations in the Renewable Energy Sector
Read the report China’s role in the renewable energy sector of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is expanding. This report by Dr. M. Forough focuses on specific cases of Chinese cooperation with Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Iran, Turkey, and countries in North Africa (particularly Egypt and Morocco), in order to […]
China’s Role in Digital Standards for Emerging Technologies – Impacts on the Netherlands and Europe
In this report, which is part of the China’s Role in Cyber Security project Rogier Creemers and Julia Voo discuss how the growing presence of Chinese businesses and governmental actors in international technical standardisation processes is attracting growing attention, and in some cases concern, from Western observers. Standards have become an important issue in the […]