The Evolution of Chinese Perspectives on Cyber Deterrence and Attribution

Deterrence, a concept developed primarily in order to deal with the perils presented by the nuclear age, has become central to debates on how to counter cyber-attacks. However, one major challenge of deterrence in cyberspace is the covert nature of cyber opertations: without means to identify the culprit of an attack, accountability becomes a vacuous […]

Sino-Russian Global Reordering?

There is a widespread perception, particularly in parts of Europe and North America, that an unprecedented Sino-Russian strategic objective of cooperation and world reordering has emerged since China’s President Xi and Russia’s President Putin met in February 2022 preceding the Russian invasion of Ukraine. This brief report assesses this perception’s accuracy by comparing Chinese and […]